Gambaran Penerimaan Vaksin COVID-19 di Kota Semarang
Abstract
Indonesia mulai melakukan vaksinasi pada 13 Januari 2021 secara gratis bagi seluruh masyarakat. Kota Semarang sebagai salah satu episentrum penyebaran COVID-19 di Jawa Tengah ikut memulai program vaksinasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana penerimaan masyarakat Kota Semarang terhadap Vaksin COVID-19. Jenis penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kuantitatif dengan menggunakan desain cross sectional. Sasaran dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh masyarakat pengguna internet di Kota Semarang dengan rentang usia 18-59 tahun yang bersedia menjadi responden. Responden yang berhasil dikumpulkan dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 200 orang. Data responden dikumpulkan melalui angket yang disebar secara daring melalui google form pada 10 Januari – 10 Februari 2021. Hasil dalam penelitian ini mengungkapkan bahwa, dari 12 pernyataan seputar penerimaan masyarakat Kota Semarang terhadap Vaksin Covid-19, sebanyak 9 penyataan direspon secara negatif. Diantaranya: keamanan dan efektivitas vaksin, kehalalan vaksin, virus mampu hilang dengan sendirinya, virus merupakan produk propaganda, dan kemampuan pemerintah mengatasi pandemi. Hal ini mengindikasikan bahwa edukasi terhadap masyarakat perlu ditingkatkan mengingat konsensus penerimaan (Receiving/Attending) merupakan tahapan selanjutnya dari pengetahuan (knowledge).
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reason underlying different outcome between sex. J Med Virol. Vol 92(10):2050-2054. doi:
10.1002/jmv.25989. Epub 2020 May 22. PMID: 32383183; PMCID: PMC7267228.
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Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) (2021) Possible Side Effects After Getting a COVID- 19 Vaccine. Available at: https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019- ncov/vaccines/expect/after.html (Accessed: 25 April 2021).
Ciarambino T, Barbagelata E, Corbi G, Ambrosino I, Politi C, Lavalle F, Ruggieri A, Moretti A (2021) Gender differences in vaccine therapy: where are we in COVID-19 pandemic. Monaldi Archives for Chest Dis. doi: 10.4081/monaldi.2021.1669. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 33840183.
BioSpace (2021) 47% of Americans Still Hesitant to Get COVID-19 Vaccine, New Poll Says. Available at: https://www.biospace.com/article/47-percent-of-americans-still-hesitant-to-get-covid-19- vaccine-new-poll-says/. (Accessed: 5 Mei 2021).
El-Elimat T, AbuALSamen M, Almomani B, Sawalha N, Alali F (2021) Acceptance and attitudes toward COVID-19 vaccines: A cross-sectional study from Jordan. PLoS ONE. Vol 16: 1–15. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0250555.
Febriyanti N, Choliq MI, Mukti AW (2021) Hubungan Tingkat Pengetahuan dan Kesediaan Vaksinasi Covid-19 Pada Warga Kelurahan Dukuh Menanggal Kota Surabaya. Seminar Nasional Hasil Riset dan Pengabdian Ke-III (SNHRP-III 2021). pp. 36–42.
Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia Nomor 10 Tahun 2021 Pelaksanaan Vaksinasi dalam Rangka Penanggulangan Pandemi Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). 25 Februari 2021. Berita Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 2021 Nomor 172.
Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia, ITAGI, UNICEF and WHO (2020) Survei Penerimaan Vaksin COVID-19 di Indonesia. Available at: https://www.unicef.org/indonesia/id/coronavirus/laporan/survei-penerimaan-vaksin- covid-19-di-indonesia.
Kompas.com (2021a) 8 Vaksin Covid-19 di Dunia dan Efikasinya Melindungi dari Virus Corona. Available at: https://www.kompas.com/sains/read/2021/05/21/190200023/8-vaksin-covid-19-di- dunia-dan-efikasinya-melindungi-dari-virus-corona?page=all. (Accessed: 25 April 2021).
Kompas.com (2021b) Vaksin Covid-19 Sinovac Disebut Sangat Efektif di Indonesia, Bagaimana di Negara Lain? Available at: https://www.kompas.com/global/read/2021/05/12/120313670/vaksin- covid-19-sinovac-disebut-sangat-efektif-di-indonesia-bagaimana-di?page=all. (Accessed: 25 April 2021).
Kompas.com (2020) Penjelasan Lengkap Menkes soal Program Vaksinasi: Jenis, Jumlah hingga yang Diprioritaskan. Available at: https://www.kompas.com/tren/read/2020/12/30/150300665/penjelasan-lengkap-menkes- soal-program-vaksinasi--jenis-jumlah-hingga-yang?page=all. (Accessed: 25 April 2021).
Lazarus JV, Ratzan SC, Palay A, Gostin LO, Larson HJ, Rabin K, Kimball S, El-Mohandes A (2021) A global survey of potential acceptance of a COVID-19 vaccine. Nature Medicine. Vol 27(2): 225–228. doi: 10.1038/s41591-020-1124-9.
Mazure C (2021) Sex and Gender and COVID-19 Vaccine Side Effects. 2021. Available at: https://medicine.yale.edu/news-article/sex-and-gender-and-covid-19-vaccine-side-effects/ (Accessed: 25 April 2021).
Majelis Ulama Indonesia (2021a) Fatwa Majelis Ulama Indonesia Nomor 2 Tahun 2021 Produk Vaksin COVID-19 dari Sinovac Life Sciences Co. Ltd. China dan PT. Bio Farma (Persero). 11 Januari 2021.
Majelis Ulama Indonesia (2021b) Fatwa Majelis Ulama Indonesia Nomor 14 Tahun 2021 Hukum Penggunaan Vaksin COVID-19 Produk AstraZeneca. 16 Maret 2021.
Our World in Data (2021) Coronavirus (COVID-19) Vaccinations. Available at: https://ourworldindata.org/covid-vaccinations?country=OWID_WRL. (Accessed: 25 April 2021).
Paul E, Steptoe A, Fancourt D (2021) Attitudes towards vaccines and intention to vaccinate against COVID-19: Implications for public health communications. The Lancet Regional Health – Europe. Vol 1: 100012. doi: 10.1016/j.lanepe.2020.100012.
Pemerintah Kota Semarang (2021) Informasi Coronavirus (COVID-19) Semarang. Available at: https://siagacorona.semarangkota.go.id/halaman/covid19 (Accessed: 31 Mei 2021).
PhRMA (2021) Vaccine Fact Book 2012. Available at: http://www.phrma-jp.org/wordpress/wp- content/uploads/old/library/vaccine-factbook_e/vaccine_factbook_2012_en.pdf.
Presiden Republik Indonesia (2021) Presiden Jokowi Menerima Vaksin Covid-19 Perdana.. Available at: https://www.presidenri.go.id/siaran-pers/presiden-jokowi-menerima-vaksin-covid-19- perdana/(Accessed: 28 Februari 2021).
Satuan Tugas Penanganan Covid-19 (SATGAS COVID-19) (2021a) Peta Sebaran COVID-19. Available at: https://covid19.go.id/peta-sebaran-covid19. (Accessed: 29 Mei 2021).
Satuan Tugas Penanganan Covid-19 (SATGAS COVID-19) (2021b) Data Vaksinasi COVID-19. Available at: https://covid19.go.id/berita/data-vaksinasi-covid-19-update-31-mei-2021. (Accessed: 31 Mei 2021).
Satuan Tugas Penanganan Covid-19 (SATGAS COVID-19) (2021c) Inilah Tahapan Vaksinasi COVID- 19. Available at: https://covid19.go.id/edukasi/masyarakat-umum/inilah-tahapan-vaksinasi- covid-19-2.(Accessed: 5 Januari 2021).
Susilo D, Putranto T, Navarro C (2021) 9 Performance of Indonesian Ministry of Health in Overcoming Hoax About Vaccination Amid the COVID-19 Pandemic on Social Media. Nyimak: Journal of Communication. Vol 5 (1). Available at: http://jurnal.umt.ac.id/index.php/nyimak/article/view/4100.
Indonesian Journal of Health Community 2 (1) (2021)
The Immunisation Advisory Centre (2020) Efficacy and effectiveness. Available at: https://www.immune.org.nz/vaccines/efficiency-effectiveness. (Accessed: 5 Januari 2020).
World Health Organization (WHO) (2020) COVID-19: ‘new normal’. Available at: https://www.who.int/westernpacific/emergencies/covid-19/information/covid-19-new- normal (Accessed: 5 Januari 2021).
World Health Organization (WHO) (2021) WHO COVID-19 Dashboard. Geneva: World Health Organization, 2020. Available at: https://covid19.who.int/ (Accessed: 5 Januari 2021).
Zeng F, Dai C, Cai P, Wang J, Xu L, Li J, Hu G, Wang Z, Zheng F, Wang L (2020) A comparison
study of SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibody between male and female COVID-19 patients: A possible
reason underlying different outcome between sex. J Med Virol. Vol 92(10):2050-2054. doi:
10.1002/jmv.25989. Epub 2020 May 22. PMID: 32383183; PMCID: PMC7267228.
Published
2021-06-09
How to Cite
ARUMSARI, Wahyuni; DESTY, Rani Tiara; KUSUMO, Wahyu Eko Giri.
Gambaran Penerimaan Vaksin COVID-19 di Kota Semarang.
Indonesian Journal of Health Community, [S.l.], v. 2, n. 1, p. 35-45, june 2021.
ISSN 2775-9997.
Available at: <https://www.e-journal.ivet.ac.id/index.php/ijheco/article/view/1682>. Date accessed: 05 july 2025.
doi: https://doi.org/10.31331/ijheco.v2i1.1682.
Section
Articles
